怎样判断是定语从句,状语从句、宾语从句.详细!

怎样判断是定语从句,状语从句、宾语从句.详细!
怎样判断是定语从句,状语从句、宾语从句.详细!

怎样判断是定语从句,状语从句、宾语从句.详细!
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的.主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语.汉语中常用‘……的’表示.定语和中心语之间是修饰和被修饰、限制和被限制的关系.在汉语中,中心语与定语二者之间有的需要用结构助词“的”,有的不需要,有的可要可不要.“的”是定语的标志.
定语从句即指在主从复合句用作定语的从句.定语从句通常修饰名词或代词,对它进行限制、描绘和说 定语从句
明.受定语从句修饰的词语叫先行词,引导定语从句的词语叫关系词.关系词按其性质又分关系代词和关系副词.根据从句与主句关系的紧密程度,定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句.定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出.关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等.关系副词有：when,where,why等.关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.1）who,whom,that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人.（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换）,例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书.3）which,that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.（which / that在句中作宾语） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语）
宾语,又称受词,是指一个动作（动词）的接受者.宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类,其中直接宾语指动作的直接对象,间接宾语说明动作的非直接,但受动作影响的对象.一般而言,及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语,而该宾语通常为直接宾语,有些及物动词要求两个宾语,则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语,另一个为间接宾语.宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者.宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任.英语的及物动词后必须有宾语.宾语一般放及物动词之后,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么.说明,除及物动词有宾语之外,英语介词后面也要有宾语.另外,某些形容词如worth,careful等后也可有宾语.宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分.即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语称为“双宾语”.
宾语一般用在及物动词的后面,表示行为动词所涉及的对象.一.名词作宾语 Show your passport,please.请出示护照.二.代词作宾语 He didn't say anything.她什么也没说.三.数词作宾语 How many do you want?- I want two.你要几个?－ 我要两个.四.名词化的形容词作宾语 They sent the injured to hospital.他们把伤员送到医院.五.不定式或ing形式作宾语 They asked to see my passport.他们要求看我的护照.I enjoy working with you.我和你们一道工作很愉快.六.从句作宾语 Did you write down what he said?你把他的话记下了没有?
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等.状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当.其位置一般放在句末,但也可放在句首或句中.副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念.1.副词一般在句子中做状语． He speaks English very well.他英语说得非常好.中的very是程度副词,用来修饰well.very well是修饰speak的程度状语.He is playing under the tree.他在树下玩儿.中的under the tree是地点状语.2.不定式在句子中可以作目的状语.I come specially to see you.我专门来看你.3.介词短语 Ten years ago,She began to live in Dalian.The boy was praised for his bravery.4.从句作状语 When she was 12 years old,she began to live in Dalian.If I am not busy tomorrow,I will play football with you.5.分词作状语 Having had a quarrel with his wife,he left home in a bad temper.Inhibited in one direction,it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another.