英语（请看补充说明）请各位英语好的前辈们请教告诉我一些英语中关于语法的专有名词,越多越好,再附上解释.(有例句再好不过了）例如表语,什么叫表语.定语,什么叫定语,etc.越多越好

英语（请看补充说明）请各位英语好的前辈们请教告诉我一些英语中关于语法的专有名词,越多越好,再附上解释.(有例句再好不过了）例如表语,什么叫表语.定语,什么叫定语,etc.越多越好
英语（请看补充说明）
请各位英语好的前辈们请教
告诉我一些英语中关于语法的专有名词,越多越好,再附上解释.(有例句再好不过了）例如表语,什么叫表语.定语,什么叫定语,etc.越多越好

英语（请看补充说明）请各位英语好的前辈们请教告诉我一些英语中关于语法的专有名词,越多越好,再附上解释.(有例句再好不过了）例如表语,什么叫表语.定语,什么叫定语,etc.越多越好
看看是不是你要找的
Adjectives and Adverbs
Adjectives are used to modify nouns,e.g.The dog is loud.– What is the dog like?– loud
Adverbs are used to modify verbs,adjectives or other adverbs,e.g.The dog barks loudly.– How does the dog bark?– loudly
Adjective or Adverb
Adjectives are used to modify nouns:
The dog is loud.
Adverbs are used to modify verbs,adjectives or other adverbs:
The dog barks loudly.
Linking Verbs
Some verbs can only be used with adjectives,others might change their meaning when used with an adverb.
verb used with an adjective used with an adverb
look look good (= appearance) look well (= have a good sense of sight)
feel feel good (= state of health/mind) feel well (= have a good sense of touch)
smell smell good (= odour) smell well (= have a good sense of smell)
taste taste good (= preference) taste well (= have a good sense of taste)
The following verbs can only be used with adjectives:
be
become
get
grow
keep
remain
seem
sound
stay
turn
Form and Comparison of Adverbs
Adverbs are used to express how something is done (adjectives express how someone or something is).
Example:The dog sleeps quietly.The dog is absolutely quiet.
Form
In general:adjective + -ly
adjective adverb
slow slowly
Exceptions in spelling
exception example
silent e is dropped in true,due,whole true → truly
y becomes i happy → happily
le after a consonant is dropped sensible → sensibly
after ll only add y full → fully
Adjectives ending in -ic:adjective + -ally (exception:public-publicly)
adjective adverb
fantastic fantastically
Adjectives ending in -ly:use ‘in a … way / manner’ or another adverb with similar meaning
adjective adverb
friendly in a friendly way
in a friendly manner
likely probably
Exceptions
adjective adverb (meaning) adverb (meaning)
good well
difficult with difficulty
public publicly
deep deep (place) deeply (feeling)
direct direct directly (=soon)
hard hard hardly (=seldom)
high high (place) highly (figurative)
late late lately (=recently)
most most mostly (=usually)
near near nearly (=almost)
pretty pretty (=rather) prettily
short short shortly (=soon)
The following adjectives are also used as adverbs (without modification):daily,enough,early,far,fast,hourly,little,long,low,monthly,much,straight,weekly,yearly,…
Comparison of Adjectives
Exercise on Positive Form and Comparison of Adjectives
Positive Form
Use the positive form of the adjective if the comparison contains one of the following expressions:
as … as
Example:Jane is as tall as John.
not as … as / not so … as
Example:John is not as tall as Arnie.
Comparative Form and Superlative Form (-er/-est)
one-syllable adjectives (clean,new,cheap)
two-syllable adjectives ending in -y or -er (easy,happy,pretty,dirty,clever)
positive form comparative form superlative form
clean cleaner (the) cleanest
Exceptions in spelling when adding -er / -est
silent ‘e’ is dropped
Example:late-later-latest
final ‘y’ after a consonant becomes i
Example:easy-easier-easiest
final consonant after short,stressed vowel is doubled
Example:hot-hotter-hottest
Comparative Form and Superlative Form (more/most)
adjectives of three or more syllables (and two-syllable adjectives not ending in -y/-er)
positive form comparative form superlative form
difficult more difficult most difficult
Comparative Form and Superlative Form (irregular comparisons)
positive form comparative form superlative form
good better best
bad / ill worse worst
little (amount) less least
little (size) smaller smallest
much / many more most
far (place + time) further furthest
far (place) farther farthest
late (time) later latest
late (order) latter last
near (place) nearer nearest
near (order) - next
old (people and things) older oldest
old (people) elder eldest

句子的表语是由一个句子充当的,那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句
The fact is that he was cheated.
这是个系表结构的句子,the fact是主语,谓语是系表结构,表语是that he was cheated,这个that引导的句子就是表语从句.
宾补和双宾的区别先看下面两个句子
They elected him presid...

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句子的表语是由一个句子充当的,那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句
The fact is that he was cheated.
这是个系表结构的句子,the fact是主语,谓语是系表结构,表语是that he was cheated,这个that引导的句子就是表语从句.
宾补和双宾的区别先看下面两个句子
They elected him president.
I sent him a telegram.
第一个句子里面的him是elect的宾语,而president则不是elect的宾语,它是补充说明宾语him的情况.
第二个句子里面的him 依然是send的宾语,而telegram也是send的宾语
表语从句
一 定义：
A 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
The problem is puzzling.
主语 连系动词 形容词作表语
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
主语 连系动词 一个句子作表语---表语从句
B 连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why,
whether,how.
He has become a teacher.
He has become what he wated to be ten years ago.
She has remained there for an hour.
She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
His suggestion is good.
His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
The question is confusing.
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
why he cried yesterday.
how I can persuade her to join us in the party.
whether the enemy is marching towards us.
二 注意：
A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
B 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.
C 不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D that在表语从句中不可以省掉。

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